<?xml version='1.0'?><?xml-stylesheet href='/static/xsl/oai.xsl' type='text/xsl'?><ri:Resource created="2026-06-11T09:15:53Z" status="active" updated="2026-06-23T10:41:57Z" version="1.2" xmlns:g-colstat="http://dc.g-vo.org/ColStats-1" xmlns:ri="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0" xmlns:vr="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" xmlns:vs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://dc.g-vo.org/ColStats-1 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/Colstats.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/RegistryInterface.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VOResource.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VODataService.xsd" xsi:type="vs:CatalogResource"><title>TCO Echelle Spectra of Hot Supergiants</title><shortName>tco_hot_supergia</shortName><identifier>ivo://fai.kz/tco_hot_supergiants/q/raw_data</identifier><curation><publisher>Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute</publisher><creator><name>Danford, S.</name></creator><creator><name>Miroshnichenko, A.</name></creator><date role="Updated">2026-06-23T11:20:19Z</date><contact><name>FAI NVO Team</name><address>Observatory 23, 050020 Almaty, Kazakhstan</address><email>vo@fai.kz</email></contact></curation><content><subject>stellar-spectroscopy</subject><subject>supergiant-stars</subject><subject>echelle-spectroscopy</subject><subject>hot-stars</subject><description>
Spectral Archive of Hot Galactic Supergiants (TCO Node)

This resource provides a digital archive of one-dimensional (1D) optical spectra of hot galactic supergiants, obtained at the Three College Observatory (TCO). The archive is integrated into the Kazakhstan National Virtual Observatory (KazVO) data services and optimized for the IVOA Simple Spectral Access Protocol (SSAP).

**Data Specification:**

* Data Type: Medium-resolution optical echelle spectra.
* File Format: FITS (Flexible Image Transport System).
* Data Representation: 1D merged (stitched) spectra.
* Flux Calibration: Relative intensity, normalized to the continuum.

**Observational Setup and Instrumentation:**

* Observatory: Three College Observatory (TCO), North Carolina, USA
* Telescope: 0.81-m Ritchey-Chretien telescope
* Instrument: Fiber-fed echelle spectrograph eShel
* Spectrograph Manufacturer: Shelyak Instruments

**Spectral Characteristics:**

* Spectral Range: Approximately 3900 - 7800 Angstroms (precise wavelength boundaries are frame-dependent and fixed within individual FITS headers).
* Spectral Resolution: R approx 12,000.
* Wavelength Calibration: Executed using a Thorium-Argon (ThAr) reference lamp spectrum.

**Data Reduction Pipeline:**

Primary and scientific data reduction was performed within the IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility) environment using standard echelle spectroscopy packages.

**Key Reduction Steps:**

1. Pre-processing: Bias frame subtraction.
2. Extraction: Localization and extraction of individual echelle orders.
3. Dispersion Relation: Wavelength calibration based on ThAr reference frames.
4. Order Merging: Stitching of discrete spectral orders into a continuous 1D array.
5. Kinematic Correction: Application of the heliocentric velocity correction (documented under the VHELIO FITS header keyword).
6. Continuum Normalization: Continuum flattening achieved via high-order polynomial fitting.</description><referenceURL>https://dachs.fai.kz/tableinfo/tco_hot_supergiants.raw_data</referenceURL><type>Archive</type><contentLevel>Research</contentLevel></content><facility>Three College Observatory</facility><instrument>eShel spectrograph</instrument><coverage><spatial>5/814 818 902 3580 3905 3936 5205 5386 5696 9980 6/1263 1272 1274 1287
1293 1298 1801 1803-1804 2318 2340-2342 2937 2939-2941 3005 3023 3034
3039 3043 3045 3048-3049 3057 3060-3061 3137-3139 3144 3194 3199 3231
3239 3245 3250-3251 3254-3255 3260 3269 3280 3282 3284-3286 3296
3299-3300 3302-3303 3308 3331-3332 3334 3587 3589-3590 3593 3600-3602
3617-3619 3621-3623 3628 3632-3633 3644-3646 3659-3662 3680-3681 3715
3718 3720-3722 4005 4016 4419 4422 4425 4428 13034 13887 13928 13930
13961 13963 13966 14077 14123 14126 14209 14242 14248 14250
14264-14266 14280 14282 14293 14295 14297 14299 14301-14304 14306
14312 14324 14353 14355-14358 14400 14606 14625 14628 14709-14711
15371 15374-15375 15392-15394 15396-15397 15628 15630 15640-15642
15657-15659 21106 21112 21736 21738-21739 22166 22172-22173 22255
22266 23621 23632 23638 23644 23675-23676 23678-23679 23764-23765
23811 23817 23820 24147-24148 24150 24334-24335 24356-24357 24374
24377 24380 24483 24486 24489 24492 24498 24504-24505 30716
30718-30719 32084 32670-32671 32692 39830-39831 39837 39874
39928-39929 39931 39934 40523 40544-40545 42982-42983 42988-42989</spatial><temporal>56437.06026 60394.19745</temporal><spectral>2.345334196e-19 5.297188952e-19</spectral><waveband>Optical</waveband></coverage><tableset><schema><name>tco_hot_supergiants</name><title>TCO Echelle Spectra of Hot Supergiants</title><description>
Spectral Archive of Hot Galactic Supergiants (TCO Node)

This resource provides a digital archive of one-dimensional (1D) optical spectra of hot galactic supergiants, obtained at the Three College Observatory (TCO). The archive is integrated into the Kazakhstan National Virtual Observatory (KazVO) data services and optimized for the IVOA Simple Spectral Access Protocol (SSAP).

**Data Specification:**

* Data Type: Medium-resolution optical echelle spectra.
* File Format: FITS (Flexible Image Transport System).
* Data Representation: 1D merged (stitched) spectra.
* Flux Calibration: Relative intensity, normalized to the continuum.

**Observational Setup and Instrumentation:**

* Observatory: Three College Observatory (TCO), North Carolina, USA
* Telescope: 0.81-m Ritchey-Chretien telescope
* Instrument: Fiber-fed echelle spectrograph eShel
* Spectrograph Manufacturer: Shelyak Instruments

**Spectral Characteristics:**

* Spectral Range: Approximately 3900 - 7800 Angstroms (precise wavelength boundaries are frame-dependent and fixed within individual FITS headers).
* Spectral Resolution: R approx 12,000.
* Wavelength Calibration: Executed using a Thorium-Argon (ThAr) reference lamp spectrum.

**Data Reduction Pipeline:**

Primary and scientific data reduction was performed within the IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility) environment using standard echelle spectroscopy packages.

**Key Reduction Steps:**

1. Pre-processing: Bias frame subtraction.
2. Extraction: Localization and extraction of individual echelle orders.
3. Dispersion Relation: Wavelength calibration based on ThAr reference frames.
4. Order Merging: Stitching of discrete spectral orders into a continuous 1D array.
5. Kinematic Correction: Application of the heliocentric velocity correction (documented under the VHELIO FITS header keyword).
6. Continuum Normalization: Continuum flattening achieved via high-order polynomial fitting.</description><table><name>tco_hot_supergiants.raw_data</name><description>
Spectral Archive of Hot Galactic Supergiants (TCO Node)

This resource provides a digital archive of one-dimensional (1D) optical spectra of hot galactic supergiants, obtained at the Three College Observatory (TCO). The archive is integrated into the Kazakhstan National Virtual Observatory (KazVO) data services and optimized for the IVOA Simple Spectral Access Protocol (SSAP).

**Data Specification:**

* Data Type: Medium-resolution optical echelle spectra.
* File Format: FITS (Flexible Image Transport System).
* Data Representation: 1D merged (stitched) spectra.
* Flux Calibration: Relative intensity, normalized to the continuum.

**Observational Setup and Instrumentation:**

* Observatory: Three College Observatory (TCO), North Carolina, USA
* Telescope: 0.81-m Ritchey-Chretien telescope
* Instrument: Fiber-fed echelle spectrograph eShel
* Spectrograph Manufacturer: Shelyak Instruments

**Spectral Characteristics:**

* Spectral Range: Approximately 3900 - 7800 Angstroms (precise wavelength boundaries are frame-dependent and fixed within individual FITS headers).
* Spectral Resolution: R approx 12,000.
* Wavelength Calibration: Executed using a Thorium-Argon (ThAr) reference lamp spectrum.

**Data Reduction Pipeline:**

Primary and scientific data reduction was performed within the IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility) environment using standard echelle spectroscopy packages.

**Key Reduction Steps:**

1. Pre-processing: Bias frame subtraction.
2. Extraction: Localization and extraction of individual echelle orders.
3. Dispersion Relation: Wavelength calibration based on ThAr reference frames.
4. Order Merging: Stitching of discrete spectral orders into a continuous 1D array.
5. Kinematic Correction: Application of the heliocentric velocity correction (documented under the VHELIO FITS header keyword).
6. Continuum Normalization: Continuum flattening achieved via high-order polynomial fitting.</description><nrows>1026</nrows><column><name>ssa_dateobs</name><description>Midpoint of exposure (MJD)</description><unit>d</unit><ucd>time.epoch</ucd><utype>ssa:Char.TimeAxis.Coverage.Location.Value</utype><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_dstitle</name><description>A compact and descriptive designation of the dataset.</description><ucd>meta.title;meta.dataset</ucd><utype>ssa:DataID.Title</utype><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType></column><column><name>ssa_targname</name><description>Common name of object observed.</description><ucd>meta.id;src</ucd><utype>ssa:Target.Name</utype><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType></column><column><name>ssa_length</name><description>Number of points in the spectrum</description><utype>ssa:Dataset.Length</utype><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_specstart</name><description>Lower value of spectral coordinate</description><unit>m</unit><ucd>em.wl;stat.min</ucd><utype>ssa:Char.SpectralAxis.Coverage.Bounds.Start</utype><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_specend</name><description>Upper value of spectral coordinate</description><unit>m</unit><ucd>em.wl;stat.max</ucd><utype>ssa:Char.SpectralAxis.Coverage.Bounds.Stop</utype><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_specres</name><description>Resolution (in meters of wavelength) on the spectral axis</description><unit>m</unit><ucd>spect.resolution;em.wl</ucd><utype>ssa:Char.SpectralAxis.Resolution</utype><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_timeext</name><description>Exposure duration</description><unit>s</unit><ucd>time.duration</ucd><utype>ssa:Char.TimeAxis.Coverage.Bounds.Extent</utype><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_pubdid</name><description>Dataset identifier assigned by the publisher</description><ucd>meta.ref.ivoid</ucd><utype>ssa:Curation.PublisherDID</utype><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>accref</name><description>Access key for the data</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><utype>Access.Reference</utype><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>indexed</flag><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>owner</name><description>Owner of the data</description><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>embargo</name><description>Date the data will become/became public</description><unit>yr</unit><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>mime</name><description>MIME type of the file served</description><ucd>meta.code.mime</ucd><utype>Access.Format</utype><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>accsize</name><description>Size of the data in bytes</description><unit>byte</unit><ucd>VOX:Image_FileSize</ucd><utype>Access.Size</utype><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">long</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_location</name><description>ICRS location of aperture center</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq</ucd><utype>ssa:Char.SpatialAxis.Coverage.Location.Value</utype><dataType arraysize="2" extendedType="point" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType><flag>indexed</flag><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>ssa_region</name><description>Rough coverage based on location and aperture.</description><ucd>pos.outline;obs.field</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" extendedType="polygon" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType><flag>indexed</flag><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>datalink</name><description>A DataLink document for this spectrum, providing SODA access and the original file.</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>wave_min</name><description>Minimum wavelength covered by the spectrum.</description><unit>m</unit><ucd>em.wl;stat.min</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>wave_max</name><description>Maximum wavelength covered by the spectrum.</description><unit>m</unit><ucd>em.wl;stat.max</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>specrp</name><description>Spectral resolving power lambda/dlambda.</description><ucd>spect.resolution</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>calib_level</name><description>ObsCore-style calibration level. Merged relative flux spectra are level 2.</description><ucd>meta.code.qual</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">short</dataType></column><column><name>origfile</name><description>Original FITS file name before KazVO metadata enrichment.</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>puborg</name><description>Publishing archive or organisation.</description><ucd>meta.curation</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>dataorig</name><description>Origin of the data with respect to KazVO/FAI.</description><ucd>meta.note</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>observer</name><description>Observer(s) listed in the FITS header.</description><ucd>meta.id;obs.observer</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>telescope</name><description>Telescope used for the observation.</description><ucd>instr.tel</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>instrument</name><description>Instrument or spectrograph used for the observation.</description><ucd>instr</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>camera</name><description>Camera listed in the FITS header.</description><ucd>meta.id;instr.det</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>detnam</name><description>Detector name listed in the FITS header.</description><ucd>meta.id;instr.det</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>bunit</name><description>Flux unit from the enriched FITS header.</description><ucd>meta.unit</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>norm</name><description>True if the merged spectrum is continuum-normalized.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column><column><name>wavecal</name><description>True if the spectrum is wavelength calibrated.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column><column><name>fluxcal</name><description>Flux calibration status from the enriched FITS header.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>biascor</name><description>True if bias correction was applied.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column><column><name>darkcor</name><description>True if dark correction was applied.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column><column><name>bpixcor</name><description>True if bad-pixel map correction was applied.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column><column><name>flatcor</name><description>True if flat-field correction was applied.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column><column><name>cosmicr</name><description>Cosmic ray removal method.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType arraysize="*" xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>tellcor</name><description>True if telluric correction was applied.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column><column><name>helcor</name><description>True if heliocentric correction was applied.</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">boolean</dataType></column></table></schema></tableset></ri:Resource>